What is the difference between a U.S. visa and valid U.S. status?
A visa is a permit to apply for admission to enter the U.S. Valid U.S. status permits the stay within the U.S. As a consequence, a foreign national cannot obtain valid U.S. status without first obtaining a visa. You can have a valid U.S. visa but be out of status and you can have an expired visa and still be in valid U.S. status.
